Improvement in locks



UNrTEn STATES GASPAR JAGY AND FREDERICK DENZLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,ASSIGNORSy PATENT OEEICE.

TO WALTER K. MARVIN, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 41.817, dated March 1,1864.

.T0 all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that we, GASPAR JAGY and FREDERICK DENZLER, bothof the city,county, and State of New York, have invented a new and ImprovedBurglarProof Lock; and we do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making apart of this specification, in which-Figure l is an internal view of our invention; Fig. 2, a transversevertical section of the same, taken in the line w Fig. 1, Fig. 3, ahorizontal section of the'same, taken in the line y y, Fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspending parts in the severaliigures.

This invention relates to an improved lock of that class which areprovided with tumblers operated through the medium of a key,

and the bolt moved by a separate or distinct application ot' power, andcommonly termed burglar-proof locks.77

The object of the within-described invention is to simplify theconstruction. and arrangement of this class of locks so that it will notbe necessary to employ both hands simultaneously in unlocking' andlocking the lock, and the lock rendered incapable of being picked bytampexin g with the tumblers while in either allocked or unlocked state.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct myinvention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the case of the lock, which may be of rectangular lform 5Aand B is the bolt, arranged in the usual way, sov as to slidelongitudinally in the case A. The bolthas a short bar, O, projectinghorizontally from it, as shown in Figs. l and 3. y l v y D represents aswinging plate, one end of which is tted loosely on a pin, E, in thecase A, the plate being allowed to work freely on the pin. The plate Dat its outer end-that is to say, the end opposite to the one where theplate is tted on the pin E-has an opening in it, the edges of which havethree distinct curves, a b b c, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. The uppercurve, c, is a part of a circle quite large in diameter. The curves bb', which are at the ends of a., are parts of quite small circles, andthe curve c, which is at the lower part of the opening, is a part of acircle considerably larger than those of the curves vb b', but not solarge as that of the curve a.

Iny this opening of the plate D an arm, F, which projects from theknob-arbor G, Works, said arm having a frictionroller, d, in its outerend, which acts against the curved surfaces a b b of the opening in theplate D. The arm F ha-s a projection, e, which extends through theopening in the plate D, and acts against the edge of an opening,- G', inthe bolt B, for the purpose of sliding or shooting the latter back andforth to lock and unlock the lock.

In order to avoid confusion, we will proceed to describe the operationof the knob-arbor upon the bolt B and swinging plate D, before giving adescription of the other parts of the lock.

Yhen the bolt is in a locked state, the bolt B being shoved outward fromthe lock to the extent of its movement, as shown in black in Fig. 1, thefriction-roller d of the arm F is in the curve b ci' the opening of theplate D, and the latter is depressed or forced down to the extent ofsaid movement by a spring, H, which is attached to the plate D and bearsagainst the upper part of the lock-ease. (See Fig. 1.) The short bar Con the-bolt B serves as a stop for the plate D, determining the extentof its downward movement, the bar O passing through a slot, j', in theplate D. By turning the knob-arbor GV in a direction from left to right,as indicated by the arrow 1, Fig. l, the roller d will bear against thecurve a of the opening in the plate D, and throw upward or raise saidplate, while the` projection e of the arm F of the knob-arbor will, whenthe plate D reaches its culminating point, which occurs when the rollerd reaches nearly the center of the curve a, strike against the part g ofthe opening G in the bolt B, and throws the latter back, so as to unlockthe lock, as indicated in red outline in Fig. l. The roller d, in movingover the curve a., keeps the plate D in an elevated state until the boltB has completed its backward movement, and at the termination of saidmovement of the bolt the roller d arrives at the curve b. Dur in gl theshoving out of the bolt B, or the'locking of the lock the arbor G isturned from right to left, as indicated by the arrow 2, the plate Dbeing elevated as before, and the roller d striking against the leftside, 71., of the opening G in the bolt B. The curve c, it will be seen,prevents the plate D interfering or coming in Contact with theknob-arbor F while the former is being raised or elevated. I representsa series of tumblers, which are placed on the pin E at about theircenters, and work loosely thereon like the plate D. These tumblers Ihave each a spring, t', attached to them, said springs bearing againstapin,j, on the plate D, and having a tendency to keep the upper edges ofthe tumblers in contact with a stop,j', attached to the plate D. (SeeFig. l.)

The ends of thetumblers I, near the opening in the plate D, in which theroller d. works, are slotted longitudinally, as shown at l, and

at the inner end ot' each slot lthereis an open-- ing, m. The slots lare sufficiently wide to admit of the bar C of the bolt B passingthrough them into the openings m, and the openings m are sufciently wideto admit of the tumblers I working on the pin E to arequisite extentwhen the bolt B is shoved hack and the bar C is within the openings m.

The ends ofthe tumblers I, opposite to the tnds in which the slots l aremade, are each provided with a pendant, J, and these pendants work in aslot, fn, made inra bar, K," secured permanently in the lock-case.

The slots Z in the tumblers I are in dierent positions when the lock isboth in aloeked and unlocked state, and in order to lock `and unlock thelock it is necessary that the tum blers I be so adjusted as to bring theslots l in line with each other, in order to admit the short bar (l ofthebolt B to pass through them, and thereby allow the bolt to be movedback and forth. Theadjustment ot the tumb.ers I to effect this result iseffected through the medium of a key, L, constructed by having a seriesof notches, o, made in one edge of a fiat metal plate, said notchesbeing of varying depths corresponding to the ditt'erent positions ottheslots Z in the tumblers I. This key, when the lock is to be locked orunlocked, is fitted in the slot n in the bar K, and underneath thependants J ofthe tumblers I, and when the key is thus adjusted theknob-arbor G is turned and the plate D raised, and the tumblers I movedso that the pendants J will be pressed down upon the notched edge of thekey, and the tumblers thereby adjusted so as to bring their slots l inline with each other, and the bar C of the bolt B by the time the rollerd acts upon the bolt to move it.

Thus it will be seen that by turning the knob arbor G the tum blers Iare adjusted in proper position to admit of the sliding ot' the bolt,and the bolt operated whenthe tumblers are properly adjusted.

When the lock is in an unlocked state, the barC is within the openings mof the tumblers, audit is at the outer side ot' them when the lock is ina locked state or the boltshoved outward.

The upper edges of the tumblers l', directly above the pendants J, bearagainst a stop, M. (Shown clearly in Fig. l.) This stopeti'ectuallyprevents the tumblers being operated upon or tampered with byinstruments in order to ascertain the position ot' the slots l'. This isthe means usually resorted to by burglars in order Pto pick locks. Theymove the tumblers separately, and by a gentle pressure of the bolt, orsome part connected therewith, againstthe slotted endsv of the tumblersascertain the position of' the slots, and then construct a key that willsuitthe lock. The stop M, however, prevents the tumblers I being shovedupward, and they cannot be drawn downward, as the pendantsJ areinaccessible to any tool that would answer for that purpose.

If the plate D be slightly raised, so as to throw the ends of thetumblers I'underneath the stop M downward sutticiently far `to allow thetumblcrs to be moved or worked any material distance, the pendants Jwill be forced so far down into the slot n before the bar G` can actupon or press against the tumblers that a tool cannot be inserted intothe slot n.

By this arrangement the construction of burglar-proof locks isgreatlysimplitied. There are no parts liable to get out of repair orbecome deranged by use, and the lock may be. constructed at a verymoderate cost. The heyhole also in consequence ot' being a quite narrowslot, does not admit of powder being introduced in sutlieient quantityto blow off the lock.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

The tumblers I, provided withthe pendants J, in combination with theplate D, bolt B, and kuobarb0r G, all arranged to operate in the mannersubstantially as and for the pu pose herein set forth.

GASPAR JAGY. FRED. DENZLER.

Witnesses:

J. ROMAINE BROWN, Jr., FRED. DENZLER, J oHN R. LIvtNGsroN.

